Body
Sex hormones shape corticospinal excitability and motor learning, but their role in MS is not well understood. This study examines how natural hormone variation across the menstrual cycle affects motor function in women with MS, compared with women without the disease. It measures corticospinal excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation, alongside motor learning and muscle fatigability. If excitability and learning vary with hormonal state, that variation could influence when training is most effective and help explain differences in recovery between individuals.