Error-enhanced Learning & Recovery in 2 & 3 Dimensions

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This grant has had 3 funding cycles:

1. NIH R01 Grant (# NS053606) 11/1/07 – 12/31/12

This grant explores the prospects of artificially augmenting error as a means of enhancing the motor learning process and tests it on the recovering survivor of stroke.

2. NIH R01 Grant (# NS053606-05A1) 07/01/2013 – 09/30/2018

 This grant explores the prospects of artificially augmenting error as a means of enhancing the motor learning process and tests it on the recovering survivor of stroke. Statistical analysis tools are used to create a model of a person's own unique movement deficits aid in designing individualized training. Experiments will determine how the deficit-field approach can improve (1) reaching accuracy, (2) range of motion, and (3) activities of daily living. The findings will not only shed light on how to improve therapy for stroke survivors, it will test hypotheses about fundamental processes of practice and learning. 

3. NIH R01 Grant (# NS053606) starting July 1, 2020

There are a variety of motor deficits following a stroke which present growing challenges to healthcare. Therapeutic practice with physical devices remains an exciting frontier for the recovery of function, but a critical question is precisely how such devices should be programmed. Here we investigate differences in outcomes using models that describe how a person responds to an error during practice. We evaluate how well these models can prescribe the best therapeutic training. 

Principal Investigator: James Patton, PhD

Dr. Patton's Page

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Associated Publications:

• Wright ZA., Majeed YA, Patton JL, Huang FC   (2020) Key components of mechanical work predict outcomes in robotic stroke therapy. J. Neuroeng. Rehabil. 17, 53.

• Wright Z, Lazzaro E, Thielbar K, Patton J, Huang F (2017)  “Robot training with vector fields based on stroke survivors' individual movement statistics” the IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering (tNSRE). DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2017.2763458

• Bittmann MF, Patton JL, (2016) "Forces that Supplement Visuomotor Learning: A 'Sensory Crossover' Experiment," IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, Volume PP, Issue 99, 2016, Article number 7575641, DOI 10.1109/TNSRE.2016.26

• "Huang FE, Patton JL (2016) ""Movement distributions of stroke survivors exhibit distinct patterns that evolve  with training,"" Journal of Neural Engineering and Rehabilitation, 13(23) (13 pages). DOI: 10.1186/s12984-016-0132-y"

• Horowitz JR, Madhavan T, Massie C,  Patton JL (2016) "Reaching is Better When You Get What You Want: Realtime Feedback of Intended Reaching Trajectory Despite an Unstable Environment" Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,  fnbeh-09-00365

• Horowitz JR, Patton JL (2015) I meant to do that: determining the intentions of action in the face of disturbances. PLoS ONE 10(9): e0137289'

• Wright Z, MacKinnon C, Carlson A, Patton JL (2015) “Degraded expression of learned feedforward control in movements released by startle”  Experimental Brain Research, 233(8) 2291-2300. EXBR-D-14-00234R1

• Parmar, P N, Huang, F, Patton JL, (2015) “Evidence of Multiple Coordinate Representations during Generalization of Motor Learning”, Experimental Brain Research. DOI 10.1007/s00221-014-4034-6 (13 pages).

• Patton JL, Wei YJ, Bajaj P, Scheidt RA (2013) Visuomotor Learning Enhanced by Augmenting Instantaneous Trajectory Error Feedback during Reaching. PLoS ONE 8(1): e46466. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046466

• Huang FC, Patton JL (2012) “Augmented dynamics and motor exploration as training for stroke," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, April 3 vol. 99, 838-44.

• Sharp I, Huang F, Patton JL (2011) “Visual error augmentation enhances learning in three dimensions” Journal of Neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 8:52. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-8-52. http://www.jneuroengrehab.com/content/8/1/52.

• Huang FC, Mussa-Ivaldi FA, Patton JL, (2010) “Manual skill generalization enhanced by negative viscosity,” Journal of Neurophysiology, 104: 2008-19.

• Reinkensmeyer, D. J. and Patton, J L. (2009) “Can Robots Help the Learning of Skilled Actions?” Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 37(1) 43-51.

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Book Chapters:

• Patton JL, Huang F, (2016) “Error Augmentation and the Role of Sensory Feedback,” in Neurorehabilitation Technology, 2nd Ed, Dietz, Nef and Rymer, Editors,  Springer.

• Patton, JL and  Huang, F, (2011) “Error Augmentation and the Role of Sensory Feedback,” in  Neurorehabilitation Technology, Dietz, Nef and Rymer, Editors,  Springer.

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Peer-Reviewed Conference Articles:

• Giulia Soresini, Nicholas Marjanovic, James Patton, Hananeh Esmailbeigi, (2020) "The pattern of Tongue’s Motion: A Free-Exploration Study," 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC'20), Montreal, Canada.

• Pritesh N. Parmar ; James L. Patton (2019) "Sparse Identification Of Motor Learning Using Proxy Process Models" 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada

• Eyad Hajissa ; Courtney Celian ; Kelly O. Thielbar ; Francois Kade ; Yazan Abdel Majeed ; James L. Patton (2019) "Stroke Rehabilitation with Distorted Vision Perceived as Forces" 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada

• Aggarwal A, Wright Z, Huang F, Patton JL  (2019) "Post-Stroke Motor Deficits Are Most Evident at Frequencies Near 125 Hz in EMG Multivariate Probability Distributions"  Proceedings of the IEEE- International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Berlin, Germany, July, 2019

• Parmar P N, Patton J L (2018) "Models of Motor Learning Generalization" Proceedings of the IEEE- International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 2018

• Wright Z A, Patton J L, Huang F C (2018) "Energetics during robot-assisted training predicts recovery in stroke" Proceedings of the IEEE- International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 2018

• Bittmann M, Huang F, Patton J  (2017) "Customized Therapy Using Distributions of Reaching Errors" 15th IEEE Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR 2017), London, July, 2017.

• Horowitz J, Abdel Majeed Y, Patton, J, (2016) “A Fresh Perspective on Dissecting Action Into Discrete Submotions,” Proceedings of the IEEE- International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Orlando, Fl, 2016.

• Wright ZA, Patton JL, Huang FC, Lazzaro EC (2015) "Evaluation of force field training customized according to individual movement deficit patterns" Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference of Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Singapore, August 11-14, 2015

• Fisher M, Huang F,  Klamroth-Marganska V, Riener R, Patton J (2015) “Haptic error fields for robotic training” World Haptics Conference 2015, Evanston, Il, USA, June 22-26, 2015.

• Parmar, P N, Patton JL, (2015) Optimal Gain Schedules for Visuomotor Skill Training Using Error-Augmented Feedback  (2015) IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Seattle, Washington, May 26-30, 2015

• Fisher ME, Huang FC, Wright ZA, Patton JL (2014) Distributions in the error space: goal-directed movements described in time and state-space representations. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2014;2014:6953-6. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2014.6945227.

• Wright ZA, Fisher ME, Huang FC, Patton JL. (2014) Data sample size needed for prediction of movement distributions. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2014;2014:5780-3. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2014.6944941.

• Huang, F, Patton JL, (2013) “Individual patterns of motor deficits evident in movement distribution analysis” International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), June 24-26, 2013, Seattle, Washington

• Parmar, P N, Huang, F, Patton JL, (2011) “Simultaneous coordinate representations are influenced by visual feedback in a motor learning task” in, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Conference, EMBC, Aug. 30 2011-Sept. 3 2011, Boston, p. 6762-6768.a

• Huang, F, Patton JL, (2011) “Evaluation of negative viscosity as upper extremity training for stroke survivors” International conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Zurich Switzerland, June 2011

• Bansal D,  Kenyon R, Patton JL (2010) “Skill Generalization Relevant to Robotic Neuro-rehabilitation,”  In: IEEE Engineering In Medicine and Biology Conference  (EMBC), Buenos Aires, Argentina, August 30 - Sept 2, 2010

• Wright Z, Rogers MW, MacKinnon CD, Patton J (2009) “Startle Stimuli Reduce the Internal Model Control in Discrete Movements.” In: IEEE Engineering In Medicine and Biology Conference  (EMBC), Minneapolis, MN, USA

• Huang F, Patton JL, Mussa-Ivaldi, FA (2009) Negative Viscosity Can Enhance Learning of Inertial Dynamics. 11th IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, 23-26 June 2009, Kyoto

• Huang, F., Patton, J. & Mussa-Ivaldi, F. (2007) "Interactive priming enhanced by negative damping aids learning of an object manipulation task" IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (EMBc), Lyon, France.

• Hitchens J, Patton JL (2006) Generalization of Motor Adaptation Skills from Bimanual-Grasp to Individual Limbs. In: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference (EMBC), New York, p FrB14.17

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Invited Talks:

• "Optimal & feasible modeling insights into the control of balance dynamics," Cleveland FES Center, January 1998.

• "Safety Margins for Assessing Balance Control: The Effects of Adaptation, Learning, and Vision", NUPT Research Seminar Series Presentation, Northwestern University Programs in Physical Therapy, March 20, 1997 Chicago, IL.

• "A Simple Model of the Feasible Limits to Postural Stability", IEEE/Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Meeting, Chicago, IL, 1997.

• "Global Modeling of Adaptive, Dynamic Balance Control," Presentation to Sensorimotor Performance Program, October, 1998.

• "Learning new movements via force field training," Presentation to Sensorimotor Performance Program, April, 2000.

• “Neural Adaptation and Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation,” Invited Biomedical Engineering Seminar, An invited Biomedical Engineering Seminar, Evanston IL Evanston IL, March 2, 2001.

• “Robotic assessment & therapy of the brain injured patient: Preliminary investigations.” Grand Rounds, Rehabilitation institute of Chicago, April 11, 2001.

• "Understanding & exploiting the motor adaptation process in healthy & stroke victims” Presentation at the 2nd annual r24 conference, RIC, June 22, 2002.

• “Robots for Training and Rehabilitation: Exploiting Natural Adaptive Capacity of the Nervous System”, Invited talk, Alfred I DuPont Nemours Research Institute and Hospital for Children, Wilmington Delaware, February 3, 2003.
   

• Live demonstration of the virtual reality optical operations machine (VROOM), at Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA), Atlanta, June, 2003.

• Patton JL, Kenyon R, Exploiting the adaptive tendencies of the nervous system for rehabilitation of brain injury: the PARIS-Robotic system, Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA), Atlanta, June, 2003.

• Session Chair: Frontiers in rehabilitation robotics: A new age for therapeutic intervention, Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA), Atlanta, June, 2003.

• Patton JL and Kenyon R, “Robotic Neurorehabilitation using State-of-the-art Robotics and Augmented Reality Displays,” Invited talk at the Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA) Research Symposium on Use of Virtual & Augmented Reality in Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Practice, Atlanta, June, 2003.

• GRAND ROUNDS: "Progress in therapeutic robotics for the upper extremity." October 29, 2003.

• "Exploiting Sensorimotor Adaptation," University of Illinois Electronic Visualization Labs April 3, 2004

• “Recent advances in therapeutic robotics,” G7- International Advanced Robotics Programme (IARP) workshop on Medical Robotics, Hidden Valley PA, May 21, 2004

• “ROUNDTABLE DEBATE: Towards Improved Function in Neurologic Disease: Normalize Movement Kinematics or Optimize Function?” David Brown, Jules Dewald, Emily Keshner, and James Patton, Fourth Annual R24 Network Meeting of the Centers For Advanced Research On Neurorehabilitation (CARN), June 11-13, 2004, Harrison Conference Center, Lake Bluff, Illinois

• “Exploring adaptive rehabilitation techniques with Haptics/Graphics systems,” Presented at Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics: Scientific and Technical Foundations of a new Interdisciplinary Field for Research, Medical Application and Industry, a workshop at the IEEE-EMBS conference, September, 2004, San Francisco,

• “Exploiting sensory motor adaptation for neuro rehabilitation and robotic teaching.” University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Physical Therapy department seminar, Sept 23, 2004.

• Keynote: "Exploiting the Natural Adaptive Capacity of the Nervous System for Motor Learning & Rehabilitation" NO BARRIERS/DOLOMITI: Technology Meets Disability, Cortina, Italy, July 14-17, 2005

• “Exploiting the natural adaptive capacity of the nervous system for motor learning & rehabilitation,” Motor Control Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria, September 25, 2005.

• “Exploiting The Natural Adaptive Capacity of the Nervous System for Motor Learning & Rehabilitation,”, International Robotics And Vision Meeting and Exhibition, Rosemont, IL, USA, September 27-29, 2005

• “Adaptation For Motor Teaching & Neurorehabilitation”, Invited talk at the Northwestern University school of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, September 29, 2005

• GRAND ROUNDS: "KineAssist:  A robotic overground gait and balance training device."  May 31, 2006.

• “Exploiting the natural capacity to adapt for motor teaching & rehabilitation,” The Second Computational Motor Control Workshop Ben Gurion U, Beer-Sheva, Israel 7-May-2006

• “Rehabilitation Robotics: Frontiers of the Human-Machine Interface,” Ben Gurion U, Beer Sheva, Israel 6-May-2006.

• “Robot-facilitated Motor Adaptation and Neurorehabilitation,” Mechanical Engineering, Technion U, Haifa, Israel, 5-June-2006.

• “Motor teaching & rehabilitation,” U. of Chicago Summer inters seminars program, 28-July-2006.

• “Experience-based neuroplasticity for motor teaching and rehabilitation,” U. Illinois at Chicago Biomedical Engineering Seminar, 8-Septemeber-2006.

• “Recent thrusts in therapeutic robotics,” Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Mechanical Engineering Seminar, March 7, 2007.

• “Models of neuroplasticity for rehabilitation,” Northwestern University Biomedical Engineering Seminar, May 24, 2007.

• “Future perspectives and challenges for robotic driven stroke rehabilitation,” at: Stroke Rehabilitation: New Perspectives in the Application of Robotic Technology, A workshop at the International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands, 12 June 2007

• “Recent thrusts in therapeutic robotics,” at: Technology Meets Physical Disability Symposium at the NO BARRIERS FESTIVAL, Squaw valley, CA, USA, 28 June to 2 July, 2007.

• “Human-Machine Interaction and Adaptive Training,” Neurology Grand Rounds Lecture, University of Illinois at Chicago, Sept 13, 2007

• “Haptic experience-based neuroplasticity for motor teaching and rehabilitation”, Johns Hopkins University Mechanical Engineering, October 25, 2007

• “Volitional Control and Whole Body Movement: Bringing it all together” (with Mindy Levin, PT, PhD), at the symposium on Transformational Technologies in Single-Event Neurological Conditions:  Applying lessons learned in Stroke to Cerebral Palsy,  Invited talk at Conference on Cerebral Palsy, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, August 15, 2008

• “New Approaches in Rehabilitation Robotics,” Invited talk at the State of Science Conference on Pediatric Rehabilitation, New Jersey Institute of Technology, October 16, 2008

• “Haptics graphics-facilitated learning and neural recovery,” 26th Army Science Conference Dec. 1 to 4, 2008 in Orlando, Fla. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65zfVPxhfOQ>

• “Haptic/graphic-mediated neurorehabilitation: Novel uses of robots to foster learning & recovery,”  Invited talk at the Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Universität Tübingen, Germany, January 26, 2009

• “Error augmentation in updating internal models,” Invited talk at the Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Twente, the Netherlands, January 29, 2009

• “Therapeutic Practice: the Help of Robots,” at: Technology Meets Physical Disability Symposium at No Barriers Scientific Symposium, Miami, Fl, USA, June 6, 2009.

• “Neuroplasticity, learning & recovery of motor function using haptic/graphic interfaces,” Biomedical Engineering Big-10 seminar, University of Iowa, Iowa City, April 15, 2010.

• “Neuroplasticity, learning and recovery of motor function using haptic/graphic interfaces” Clinical Research Grand rounds, RIC hospital, May 10, 2010

• “Can Robots Help the Learning of Skilled Actions?” Invited Seminar, University of Illinois at Chicago Physical Therapy School, Sept 9, 2010

• “Human-Machine Interactions as a New Frontier for Restoration of Function after Brain Injury,” Keynote Speaker at the 5th Annual Bloorview Research Institute Symposium, November 16, 2010, Toronto

• “Robot-Aided Stroke Rehabilitation and Assessment” State of the Science Workshop: Robotics in Rehabilitation, March 11, 2011, Bethesda, MD, USA

• “Learning From Technology,” Invited talk at the Midwest Brain Injury association Conference, October 28, 2011.

• “Tricks of the trade: Critical tests of motor control theories in healthy and stroke survivors” Invited Action Club Seminar Speaker, Penn State University, February 23-24, 2012.

• “Tricks of the trade: Critical tests of motor control theories in healthy and stroke survivors” Invited Seminar Speaker, Bioengineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, March 9, 2012.

• “Departure Approaches for the Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Robotics” IEEE conference on BioRobotics workshop on Upper Extremity Rehabilitation, Rome, June 23, 2012

• “The impact of improving challenge in clinical practice” IEEE conference on BioRobotics workshop on Robotics for Neuro-Rehabilitation, Rome, June 23, 2012

• “The Current State and Future of Robotic Rehabilitation/Therapeutic Systems,“ Invited talk at the RoboBusiness 2012 Leadership Summit, October 22-24, 2012, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

• Organized & moderated a session on Research-Rehabilitation and Neural Engineering at the 2013 BMES Midwest Biomedical Engineering Career Conference,  “Bio-robotics and Neuro Rehabilitation”

• Special session on Neurotheraputic Robotic Interventions at the annual meeting of the Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America (RESNA), Bellevue, WA - June 21-24, 2013

• “Interactive retraining,” Invited talk at Marquette University Biomedical Engineering Seminar series, September 8, 2013, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

• “Interactive Robotic Training and Functional Restoration following Brain Injury,” Invited talk at the University of Illinois at Rockford Biotechnology Seminar series, September 8, 2013, Rockford, IL USA.

• “Interactive technology for leveraging plasticity in training & neurorehabilitation” University of Florida Department of Kinesiology, February 13, 2014

• “Robotic Rehabilitation,” a lecture to the Biorobotics course, Northwestern University Biomedical Engineering, February 17, 2014

• “Physical Augmentics” a lecture to the Human Augmentics course, Northwestern University Biomedical Engineering, April 21, 2014

• “Sensorimotor field distortions for upper extremity neurorehabilitation,” World Congress of Biomechanics, July 10, 2014, Boston.

• “Robotic algorithms for neurorehabilitation,” Invited talk at the Workshop on “Assistive Robotics for Individuals with Disabilities: HRI Issues and Beyond,” at International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2014), April 2015, Chicago.

• “Interfaces for Enhanced Learning & Neurorehabilitation,” Invited Plenary talk at the IEEE Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, December 8-11, 2014, Miri, Malaysia.

• "Training opportunities from technology" Keynote Neuro-Rehabilitation Project Symposium, March 5-7, 2015, held at Kartause Ittingen (close to Zurich) in Switzerland.

• “Leveraging Neuroplasticity with Haptic Technology for Neurorehabilitation,” the University of Illinois at Chicago Neurology & Rehabilitation Grand rounds, May 21, 2015.

• “Leveraging neuroplasticity in upper extremity neurorehabilitation,” ICRA Workshop on rehabilitation robotics, May 26, 2015, Seattle.

• “Robotic Rehabilitation,” Talk at the Bioengineering Anniversary Symposium, November 2015

• “Conditioned Training,” Invited seminar at Ohio University, November 2015

• "Neurotherapeutics," Invited talk at a workshop on Rehabilitation, part of the conference on Robotics, Science, and Systems (RSS), Ann Arbor, MI, May 2016

• "Optimizing  Human-Machine Interaction  in Health and Rehabilitation," at the Biomechanics and Control of Movement (BanCom) Meeting, June 2016

• Bioengineering of Neural Recovery,” Lecture, Neurophysiology, Medical School, April 2016

• “Error augmentation in re-learning,” Summer School on Collaboration with the Dutch Alliance on rehabilitation.  July 2016

• “Neuroplasticity & Robotic Rehabilitation,” Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Residents Noon Conference,  October 2016

• “Neurorehab of stroke using tricks from motor control theory,” Northwestern University Stroke Net.  November 2016

• “DR:  Distorting Reality to Enhance Training,” MIT Lincoln Labs, Boston, MA, January 2017

• “Neurorehab of stroke using tricks from motor control theory,”5th ASU Rehabilitation Robotics Workshop, February 6-7, 2017, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ

• “Tricks of the trade:  Making neural control theory work for therapeutic neurorehabilitation,” Invited seminar at Virginia Commonwealth University Biomedical Engineering, February 23, 2017, Richmond, VA

• "Tricks of training: Compelling for forms of distorted reality," Invited talk at the Wearable Robotics Conference, April 19, 2017, Phoenix, AZ

• "Compelling forms of distorted reality," Invited seminar at The University of Wisconsin Mechanical Engineering, April 27, 2017

• "Distorted reality and exciting application of Robotics," Invited talk at the Chicago Innovation Leadership Network (ILN) Safari, April 28, 2017

• "Distorted reality," Invited talk at the Chicago Taste of Science, April 28, 2017

• "Subtle clinical landscapes require holistic designs," Invited talk at the ICORR Workshop, WHAT DO WE WANT REHABILITATION ROBOTS TO DO? London, July 2017

• "Models of motor control and learning in therapeutic rehabilitation," Invited talk at Case Western Reserve University Department of Biomedical Engineering, October 2017

• "What models for learning and recovery tell us," Invited talk at the New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering, October 2017

• "Therapeutic neurorehabilitation," Invited Lecture at BioRobotics Course, New Jersey Institute of Technology, October 2017

• "What models for learning and recovery tell us," Invited talk at Rehabilitation Robotics Workshop, part of  International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2017), Vancouver, September 24, 2017

• "Therapeutics Robotics," Invited Lecture at the Northwestern Rehabilitation Medicine PGY2, October 2017

• "Rehabilitation Engineering," Invited Lecture at the UIC Bioengineering 101 -- introduction to Bioengineering, October 2017  

• "Design Vision:  Augmenting Exonets," Invited Talk at WearRAcon Wearable Robotics Conference, March 21-23, 2018, Scottsdale, AZ, USA

• "Rehabilitation informatics," Special session organized at the Biomedical Health informatics conference, May 2019, Chicago.

• "Wearable Exo-nets Smushware," Invited Lecture at the wearable robotics conference, WearRACon, March 2018 

• "Deception, Exo-nets, Smushware, and Organic Data,"  Invited talk at Georgia Tech, April 2019

• "Deception, Exo-nets, Smushware, and Organic Data: Frontiers in  mechanoceuticals for neuro-rehabilitation," Workshop presentation at the International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), June 2019

• "Deception, Exo-nets, Smushware, and Organic Data: Frontiers in  mechanoceuticals for neuro-rehabilitation," Invited talk at UNC/NC state Biomedical Engineering, 2019-Oct

• "Deception, Exo-nets, Smushware, and Organic Data: Frontiers in  mechanoceuticals for neuro-rehabilitation," Keynote at the GReAT Neurorehabilitation Symposium, Shanghai, China, January 2020

• "Deception, Exo-nets, Smushware, and Organic Data: Frontiers in  mechanoceuticals for neuro-rehabilitation," Webinar for the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab Academy, Chicago, June 10, 2020

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Dr. Patton's Page